chapter3.Financial Planning
A Chapter3
Client Guide
A Chapter3 Guide

Fixed fees, or 1% of everything?

What actually changes when your adviser charges a fixed fee rather than a percentage of your investments — for the cost, the advice and the relationship.

ch3.
Prepared by  Colin Bates · Chapter3 Financial Planning
chapter3fp.co.uk
02 / 15
The first question

Start with the pounds, not the percentage.

Many financial advisers charge an annual percentage of the money they manage.

One per cent sounds modest. The pound figure can look rather different.

Portfolio under advice
1% each year
£250,000
£2,500
£500,000
£5,000
£1 million
£10,000

The fee usually rises and falls with the portfolio. If the investments grow, the adviser's fee grows with them.

That does not automatically make the fee unfair. The question is whether the cost in pounds remains proportionate to the work, complexity and responsibility involved.

A £2,500 fee for a £250,000 portfolio may be entirely reasonable.

A £10,000 fee for a £1 million portfolio deserves a closer look — particularly if the work being done has not materially increased as the portfolio has grown.

The percentage is only the pricing method. The number that matters is what you pay in pounds — and what you receive in return.

The 1% figures above are simple illustrations. Percentage-based adviser fees vary and may be lower or higher.

03 / 15
The three layers of cost

Adviser, platform and investments are different costs.

Investment arrangements usually contain three separate charges.

Adviser fee

The amount paid for financial planning, advice, reviews, implementation and ongoing support. This may be a fixed amount or a percentage of the portfolio.

Platform fee

The cost of the administration system used to hold pensions, ISAs and investments. This is normally charged separately from the adviser fee.

Investment costs

The charges inside the funds or portfolios themselves. These apply whether the adviser charges a fixed fee or a percentage.

When comparing advisers, compare like with like.

A fixed adviser fee should be compared with the existing adviser fee, rather than with every cost attached to the portfolio.

Find the total cost

Ask for the annual amount in both percentages and pounds:

A percentage can look small. A pound figure makes the cost much easier to judge.
04 / 15
How the models work

Two ways to price financial advice.

Neither charging model guarantees good advice.

Both can be fair. Both can become poor value.

The important difference is what causes the price to change.

Percentage-based fee

The adviser receives a percentage of the portfolio being managed.

The cost changes when
  • investments rise or fall;
  • more money is added;
  • money is withdrawn;
  • assets move outside the advised portfolio.
The advantage

The fee adjusts automatically and may provide an accessible way to pay for advice on a smaller portfolio.

The question to ask

Does the work involved genuinely increase in proportion to the portfolio?

Fixed fee

The adviser agrees a pound fee based on the work, complexity and ongoing responsibility involved.

The cost changes when
  • the scope of the work changes;
  • the planning becomes materially more or less complex;
  • the agreed service changes;
  • the adviser reviews their wider pricing structure.
The advantage

The fee does not automatically increase simply because markets have risen or more money has been invested.

The question to ask

Does the fixed fee still represent fair value for the work being delivered?

The better model is the one where the fee remains connected to the work.
05 / 15
The advice conversation

Every commercial model creates incentives.

Most advisers are honest, competent and interested in doing the right thing for their clients.

A charging model does not determine whether advice is suitable. Regulation, professionalism and the adviser's judgement all matter.

It is still reasonable to understand how the adviser's income changes when particular decisions are made.

Repaying a mortgage

Using £100,000 from an advised portfolio reduces a 1% adviser fee by £1,000 a year. Under a fixed-fee model, the fee would normally be unchanged unless the work became simpler.

Helping the family

A substantial gift removes money from the portfolio and may reduce a percentage-based fee. That does not make gifting correct, but the decision should be judged on affordability, tax, family circumstances and the wider plan — not on where the assets remain.

Buying secure income

Using part of a pension to buy an annuity may remove money from the advised portfolio. For some households, guaranteed income may still be the right planning decision.

Spending more

A retirement plan may show that someone can safely spend more during their healthier years. A good adviser should be comfortable recommending that, even where the portfolio becomes smaller as a result.

Holding cash, repaying debt or investing elsewhere

Not every pound needs to sit inside an investment portfolio. The right answer may be to retain cash, repay borrowing, invest in a business or buy property. Each decision should be tested against the whole financial plan.

The point is not that percentage-based advisers give the wrong answers. It is that clients should understand how the fee responds to the answer.
06 / 15
Worked example

The gap opens up while you are still building.

Take someone at 45 with £500,000 invested, adding £2,500 a month, planning to keep going for twenty years.

The investments, the contributions and the planning work are identical under both arrangements. Only the charging method changes.

Assumptions

Starting portfolio
£500,000
Monthly contribution
£2,500
Investment return
5.5% a year
Length of illustration
20 years
Percentage-based adviser fee
1% a year
Fixed ongoing adviser fee
£3,600 a year, rising 2.5%
Initial fixed planning fee
£3,000

Adviser fees are deducted from the portfolio under both arrangements. Platform and investment costs are excluded because they are assumed to be the same either way.

What you actually pay, year by year

£5k£10k£15k£20kYear 1Year 5Year 10Year 15Year 20 the gap widens every year £21,600 percentage £5,800 fixed

Adviser fee charged in each year of the illustration. Copper: 1% of the portfolio. Navy dashed: the fixed fee for this level of complexity, rising with inflation only.

In year one the fixed arrangement is the more expensive of the two — £3,000 of initial planning work plus £3,600 of ongoing fee, against £5,582 under a percentage. That is worth saying plainly, because it is the part most fee comparisons leave out. It also assumes the percentage adviser charges nothing at all to set things up, which is generous to them: an initial charge of 1% to 3% of the amount invested is common, and would add several thousand pounds to their side of the first year.

What changes is the direction of travel. The percentage fee is attached to the portfolio, so as the pot grows the fee grows with it. The fixed fee is attached to the work, so it only moves with inflation. By year twenty it is £21,600 against £5,800 — very nearly four times as much, for the same advice.

07 / 15
Worked example, continued

What that adds up to over twenty years.

Over 20 years
Percentage fee
Fixed fee
Total adviser fees paid
~£252,000
~£95,000
Portfolio at year 20
~£2.14m
~£2.37m
Difference in adviser fees
Approximately £157,000
Difference in portfolio at year 20
Approximately £226,000

The portfolio difference is larger than the fee difference because money not taken in fees stays invested and compounds.

Where it goes the other way

A fixed fee is proportionally more expensive on a smaller portfolio, so somewhere below the example above the two methods swap places. Running the same twenty-year arithmetic at different starting sizes puts that crossover at around £240,000 for someone contributing £500 a month — but nearer £290,000 for someone contributing nothing at all, because without contributions the portfolio grows more slowly and the percentage fee takes longer to catch up.

So there is no single threshold, and anyone who quotes you one is simplifying. What matters is the combination of what you hold, what you are still adding, and how long you expect to keep going. Below the crossover a percentage fee is the cheaper arrangement, and increasingly so the smaller the pot.

The fixed figure used here — £3,600 a year — is the Chapter3 fee for a household of this complexity, not a single price for everybody. A more involved position, with a company, a trust or several arrangements to keep aligned, sits in a higher band and the comparison narrows accordingly. The fee follows the work, which is the whole point of charging this way.

That is the honest shape of it. A percentage fee suits a smaller portfolio that is not growing much. A fixed fee suits a larger one, and suits anyone whose portfolio is expected to grow — because the fee does not grow with it.

Illustration — read before using this tool

The calculator below compares two ways of charging for the same advice, on assumptions you set yourself. It is not a forecast, not a quotation, and not a personal recommendation. It tells you nothing about whether either adviser is any good.

What it assumes. The return you enter is achieved every year, smoothly, and contributions are made as entered throughout. Adviser fees are deducted from the portfolio. The fixed fee rises 2.5% a year; the percentage fee rises and falls with the portfolio. The fixed figure is the Chapter3 fee for a household of this complexity — a more involved position sits in a higher band.

What it excludes. Platform charges, fund costs, tax and withdrawals — all assumed identical under both, so they drop out of the comparison but would reduce both outcomes in real life.

The value of investments can fall as well as rise and you may get back less than you invest. On a smaller portfolio a percentage fee is the cheaper arrangement — set the figures to your own and the tool will say which way round it falls for you.

Try it with your own numbers

Everything updates as you type.

Annual adviser fee. Copper: percentage. Navy dashed: fixed.

Percentage fee, total
Fixed fee, total
Includes the £3,000 initial planning fee.
Difference

Assumes 5.5% a year investment growth and a £3,600 fixed fee rising 2.5% a year, matching the worked example above. A more complex household sits in a higher fee band, which narrows the difference. No initial charge is assumed on the percentage side, which flatters it. Illustrative only.

No single year looks dramatic. The direction of travel is what matters.

Illustrative calculation only, not a forecast, a quotation or a personal recommendation. Real returns arrive unevenly, contributions change, and tax is not modelled. A lower percentage fee, a higher fixed fee, a smaller portfolio or a shorter period would each reduce the difference — and can reverse it.

08 / 15
Who may benefit

Fixed fees become more relevant as wealth and planning complexity grow.

A fixed fee is not automatically the cheapest option.

It tends to become particularly relevant where the portfolio has grown faster than the work required to advise on it.

The portfolio has grown

A percentage that looked reasonable at £250,000 may look very different once the portfolio reaches £1 million. The portfolio may have quadrupled, but the amount of work involved may not have.

The advice extends beyond investments

Business owners and retirement-stage families often need work across:

The portfolio is only one part of that work.

Important decisions may reduce the portfolio

The right advice could involve repaying debt, buying secure income, gifting money, holding cash or using assets elsewhere. A fixed fee allows those choices to be considered without the adviser's income automatically changing.

You want the cost to be visible

A fixed pound fee makes it easier to decide whether the ongoing relationship remains worth what it costs.

You value continuity

Fixed-fee planning can support a smaller number of deeper client relationships, where the same adviser remains involved over time.

Fixed fees are most compelling when the job is financial planning rather than simply managing a portfolio.
09 / 15
The honest section

Percentage fees are not always the wrong answer.

There are circumstances where a percentage-based fee may be simpler or less expensive.

The portfolio is relatively small

A fixed fee has to cover a minimum amount of professional time. For a portfolio of around £250,000, with straightforward requirements, a modest percentage fee may produce a lower pound cost than a planning-heavy fixed-fee service.

The comparison becomes less straightforward as the portfolio grows, particularly where the work involved does not grow with it.

The service is genuinely investment-led

Some clients primarily want discretionary investment management, active portfolio construction or a specialist investment mandate. Where the value being purchased is mainly investment management, a percentage of the portfolio may be a logical way to price it.

The rate is low and the pound cost remains proportionate

A percentage-based fee should not be judged by the percentage alone. A lower percentage on a larger portfolio may still represent reasonable value where the work and responsibility justify the pound amount.

The planning need is limited

Someone with settled finances, no business, little tax complexity and few major decisions ahead may not need a planning-heavy service.

You prefer the fee to be deducted from the portfolio

Some people prefer not to receive a separate invoice or fund the fee from income. A percentage-based fee deducted from the investments may feel administratively easier.

Do not change adviser simply because one charging model sounds better. Change where the cost, work or relationship no longer make sense.
10 / 15
The work behind the number

A fixed fee still has to earn its place.

Removing the link to portfolio value does not remove the need to demonstrate value.

A good fixed-fee relationship should make the work clear.

The financial plan

A cashflow-based plan connecting the household, business, pensions, investments, tax position and future income.

Tax, pension and business planning

Allowances, company extraction, pension contributions and account structure considered against the wider plan.

Retirement-income planning

A clear approach to cash reserves, secure income, portfolio withdrawals and how spending may change over time.

Investment stewardship

Appropriate portfolios, platform oversight, rebalancing and ongoing suitability. Investment management remains important. It is simply not the whole service.

Professional coordination

Working alongside accountants, solicitors and tax specialists so that the advice joins up.

Ongoing decisions

Access when circumstances change or a material decision cannot wait until the next formal review.

Implementation and governance

Documented advice, regulated implementation, record-keeping and periodic review.

A fixed fee should not be defended by saying it is cheaper. It should be defended by showing what the client receives.
11 / 15
Including Chapter3

Good questions make the comparison much easier.

1. What am I paying this year, in pounds?

Ask for adviser, platform and investment charges to be shown separately.

2. What does the adviser fee buy me?

The adviser should be able to explain the work, meetings, planning, investment oversight and access included.

3. How will the fee change?

Ask what happens if:

4. Who will actually give me the advice?

Will the same adviser attend meetings, write the recommendations and respond when something changes?

5. What causes the fee to be reviewed?

Understand whether the cost changes with the assets, inflation, complexity, service or the adviser's wider pricing structure.

6. When would you tell me not to use you?

A good adviser should be able to explain when their service or charging model would not be the right fit.

The aim is not to catch the adviser out. It is to understand what you are buying.
12 / 15 · Worksheet
Worksheet

Work out what you currently pay.

Use the latest valuation, adviser agreement and platform statement.

1.
Portfolio currently under advice
£  
2.
Adviser fee
  %
3.
Annual adviser costPortfolio × adviser percentage
£   a year
4.
Platform cost
  %  ·  £  a year
5.
Investment or portfolio cost
  %  ·  £  a year
6.
Any discretionary-management or additional charges
£  a year
7.
Total annual cost
£  a year
8.
Alternative fixed adviser fee
£  a year
9.
Annual difference in adviser fees
£  a year

The more important question

What work, access or responsibility would actually change under the alternative arrangement?

Do not multiply one year's saving by 20 or 30 and assume that is the answer. Portfolio values, withdrawals, fees and inflation all change. Use a proper comparison based on your circumstances.
13 / 15
Our approach

The fee follows the work.

Chapter3 charges fixed fees for the initial planning and the ongoing relationship that follows.

The fee reflects the complexity of the position and the work involved.

It does not automatically increase because markets have risen or more money has been invested.

Initial planning and implementation
From £1,500 to £8,000

A one-off fee for building the plan, making the recommendations and putting the agreed structure in place.

Ongoing financial planning
From £200 to £750 per month

A fixed monthly fee based on the planning complexity and the work required during the year.

Most Chapter3 clients currently sit between £300 and £500 per month.

Above that range — multi-entity or intergenerational positions, typically £5m and upwards — the fee is agreed individually rather than taken from a band. Business exits, multiple companies, trusts, complex estate planning and extensive professional coordination all push the work, and therefore the fee, higher.

What does not change the fee automatically

What may change the fee

The exact fee is agreed in writing before any work begins. Platform and investment charges remain separate and are shown clearly.

Fees shown are current at June 2026 and may change. The current website fee page should remain the definitive published schedule.

14 / 15
A second opinion

Is the fee still connected to the work?

You do not need to be unhappy with your adviser to ask the question.

Perhaps the portfolio has grown, the business has been sold or the annual percentage now produces a very different pound figure from the one you originally agreed to.

A 30-minute conversation is usually enough to:

If the current arrangement still looks sensible, I will say so.

If the fees, planning or service appear out of line, we can discuss what a different arrangement might look like.

Bring with you

No fee. No obligation to move. Just a clearer view of what you are paying for.

Book a 30-minute introductory call
Appendix
About the comparison

What the figures do — and do not — show.

The worked example compares one thing only: the adviser charging method. Everything else is held identical on both sides, so the difference shown is attributable to the fee structure rather than to better investments or better luck.

What the example assumes
  • the same starting portfolio;
  • the same gross investment return;
  • the same monthly contributions;
  • the same platform and underlying investments;
  • a 1% percentage-based adviser fee, with no initial charge;
  • a £3,600 fixed ongoing fee increasing by 2.5% a year;
  • a £3,000 initial planning and implementation fee;
  • adviser fees deducted from the portfolio.
Where the assumptions cut

Two are worth drawing out, because they pull in opposite directions.

Generous to the percentage adviser: no initial charge is assumed. An initial fee of 1% to 3% of the amount invested is common, and including one would widen the difference.

Generous to the fixed fee: £3,600 a year reflects a household of that complexity. A more involved position sits in a higher band, which narrows the difference.

Some percentage-based advisers charge materially less than 1%. Some fixed-fee clients need a fee materially higher than £3,600.

What actual value depends on
  • the quality and scope of the work;
  • the complexity of the circumstances;
  • investment returns;
  • contributions and withdrawals;
  • inflation;
  • how long the relationship lasts;
  • the decisions made along the way.
How the figures were produced

A month-by-month calculation: contributions added monthly, growth applied monthly, the adviser fee deducted at the end of each year. The percentage fee is charged on the portfolio value at that point; the fixed fee rises 2.5% a year regardless of the portfolio.

The chart, the table and the interactive calculator on the website all run from the same calculation, so they cannot disagree with one another.

It is an illustration, not a forecast. Real returns arrive unevenly, contributions change and tax is not modelled.

This guide is general information and does not constitute personal financial advice. Investments can fall as well as rise, and clients may receive back less than they invest. Past performance is not a reliable guide to future returns. Tax treatment depends on individual circumstances and may change.

Chapter3 Financial Planning Ltd is an Appointed Representative of ValidPath Limited. ValidPath Limited is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority under FRN 197107. Chapter3 Financial Planning Ltd appears on the FCA Register under reference number 931195. Registered in England, Company No. 12740201. Registered office: 43a Manor Drive, Manchester, M21 7QG.